B"H
๐Ÿก

Ikar

Likkutei Sichos Volume 1, page 170

ื.

ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคืกื•ืง ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืืœื™ืš ืฉืžืŸ ื–ื™ืช ื–ืš ื›ืชื™ืช ืœืžืื•ืจ ื’ื•',

ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจื–"ืœ 1 ,

ืึทื– ืขืก ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืกืึธืจื˜ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ,

ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืžื ื•ืจื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ

(ื“ืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืŸ ืกืึธืจื˜ ื‘ื•ื™ืžืœ).

ื•ื•ื™ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ืคื™ืœ ืžืึธืœ,

ืื™ื– ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” - ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืงื“ืฉ,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืจื–"ืœ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ืฉื›ื ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื,

ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ 2

- ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช'ื“ื™ืงืขืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื ืคืฉ ื”ืื“ื.

ื‘.

ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื•ืช: ืžื™ื,

ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ

(ื•ื•ืึธืกืขืจ,

ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ืžืœ).

ื’ืœื™ื ื“ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื– ืžื™ื,

ืจื–ื™ืŸ ื“ืชื•ืจื” - ื™ื™ืŸ,

ืื•ืŸ ืจื–ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื–ื™ืŸ - ืฉืžืŸ.

ืฉืžืŸ ืื™ื– ืฆืฃ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื™ื™ืŸ 3

(ื‘ื•ื™ืžืœ ืฉื•ื•ื™ืžื˜ ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ)

- ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜,

ืึทื– ืฉืžืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ื“ืจื’ื” ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืœืข ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืกื™ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื•ืŸ ืกื™ื™ ื‘ื“ืจืš ืคืจื˜,

ื‘ืžื™ืœื ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืจื’ื ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ ื’ื•ืคื ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื•ืช - ื’' ืฉืžื ื™ื: ืžื™ื,

ื™ื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉืžืŸ.

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื’ื•ืคื - ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื“ืจื’ื ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื‘ืชื•ืจื” - ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืึทืœืข ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืงื“ื•ืฉืช ืžื•ืจื™ ื•ื—ืžื™ ืื“ื•ื ื ื• ืžื•ืจื™ื ื• ื•ืจื‘ื™ื ื• 4 ,

ืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืžื•ืกืจ ืื•ืŸ ื—ืงื™ืจื”,

ื ืึธืจ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช.

ื’.

ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืคื˜ื• ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื–:

ืžื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืจื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืื• ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขืคื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืคึผืึทืจืึทืŸ: ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜,

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืฉืžืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ืึท ื“ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ืึทื– ืก'ืื™ื– ืžืคืขืคืข ื‘ื›ื•ืœื•,

ื“.

ื”.

ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื˜,

ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืขืก ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื™ืขื ืขื ืึธืจื˜.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ื—ื ื™ื•ืช,

ืึทื– ื“ื•ืจืš ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื ื“ืชื•ืจื” ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื– ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืก ื’ืขืคื™ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื ืชื•ืจื”,

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจืข ื–ืึทื›ืŸ.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืจื–ื™ืŸ ื“ืจื–ื™ืŸ,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ื“ื•ืจื•ืช ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืชื•ืจืช ื”ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช,

ืื™ื– ืฉืžืŸ ืžืคืขืคืข ื‘ื›ื•ืœื•,

ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ื ืขืžื˜ ืื™ื ื“ื•ืจืš,

ื“ื•ืจืš ืื•ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš,

ื‘ื™ื– ืึทื– ืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš,

ืขืœ ื“ืจืš ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืงื™ืงื”.

ื“.

ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืคืจื™ืขืจ,

ืึทื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฉืžืŸ ืœืžืื•ืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,

ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉืžืŸ.

ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืคื•ืŸ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”

(ื‘ื›ืœืœ)

ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืœื™ื ื“ืชื•ืจื”: ื’ืœื™ื ื“ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืœืขื›ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึทืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืคืึทืจ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื™ืฉื•ืช,

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืจืขื“ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืืœืงื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช,

ื’ื™ื˜ ืขืก ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืึธืจื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืฉื•ืช.

ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ืœื•ืง ืื™ืŸ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ื’ื•ืคื ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉืžืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉืžืŸ.

โ€ ื•ื™ื™ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืึทื– ืื•ื™ืš ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืื•ืคืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืขืŸ ืงืขืŸ ืขืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื›ืœ,

ืื™ื– ืžืฆื“ ื”ืฉื’ื” ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืึทืŸ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ื™ื™ืŸ

(ืฉื‘ืฉืžืŸ)

ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ,

ืึทื– ืขืก ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืŸ ืฉื‘ืฉืžืŸ ื›ืชื™ืช ืœืžืื•ืจ,

ื“.

ื”.

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืคื ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืชื•ืจื”,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื”ืงื“ืžืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืชืคื™ืœื”.

(ืžืœื•ืงื˜ ืžืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืฉืžื—ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืฉื•ืื‘ื” ืชืฉื™"ื‘,

ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืชืฉื™"ื˜)

ื”.

ื‘ื™ื™ื ืกื™ื•ื ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจืฉืช ืชืฆื•ื” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘.

ืคืจืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืคืจืฉื™ ื”ืชื•ืจื”: ืื™ืŸ ืคืœื•ื’ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื’ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื›ืœื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืฉืช ืชืจื•ืžื”,

ื•ื•ืื• ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฉืœื—ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื”,

ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“.

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื” ื ืึธืš ืึทืœืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉื›ืŸ,

ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื“ืข ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจืฉืช ืชืฆื•ื”?

ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื™ื–: ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืื™ื– ื“ืึธ ืžืจืžื–,

ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ืžื–ื‘ื— ื”ื–ื”ื‘,

ื•ื•ืื• ืขืก ืคืœืขื’ื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ื›ื”ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืงื˜ื™ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื˜ื•ืจืช,

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื›ื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ.

ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ 5

ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคืกื•ืง ื•ื›ืœ ืื“ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“ ื‘ื‘ื•ืื• ื’ื•',

ืึทืคื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื ืฉื›ืชื•ื‘ ื‘ื”ื ื•ื“ืžื•ืช ืคื ื™ื”ื ืคื ื™ ืื“ื ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื”ืœ ืžื•ืขื“,

ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ื•ื›ื•'.

ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืงื˜ื•ืจืช ื™ืขื“ืŸ ื˜ืึธื’ ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ืžื–ื‘ืช ื”ื–ื”ื‘ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ื›ื”ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ,

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืจื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื”.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืขื’ืœืขื›ืขืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ืช ื”ืื“ื ืฆื•ื ื‘ืึทืฉืขืคืขืจ: ื“ืขืจ ืชื›ืœื™ืช ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึทื ืฆืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืื™ื– ืึทื– ืžืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื•ื›ื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืžืฆื•ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื“ืงื” ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืึธืŸ ืคืจืกื•ื,

ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ื™ืงืข ืคื™ืจืŸ ื–ื™ืš,

ืึทื– ืžืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ "ืคื™ืงื˜ืฉื•ืจืก" - ืคืึธื˜ืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ืขืก - ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืจื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ,

ื ืึธืจ ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืŸ ื‘ืกืชืจ,

ืึทื– ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ โ€ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ.

(ืžืฉื™ื—ืช ื”' ืื“ืจ ืชืฉื˜"ื•)

ื•.

ื‘ืฉืขืช ืžืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉื›ืŸ,

ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžื ื•ืจื”,

ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื–"ืœ,

ืึทื– ื ืชืงืฉื” ื‘ื” ืžืฉื”.

ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื”.

ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜,

ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ื’ืึธืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ,

ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื– ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื”.

ืื™ืŸ ืคืœื•ื’ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ื™ืง,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื” ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื›ืœื™ื - ืึทืœืข ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ?

ื ืึธืš ืžืขืจืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ื™ืง: ืžืฉื” ืจื‘ื™ื ื• ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื” ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ื”ื™ืžืœ,

ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜: ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ืจืื™ืช,

ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜?

ื–.

ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืขืก ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื ื“ื™ืง ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ื›ืœื™ื• ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ืŸ.

ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ื”ื•ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ืจื™ื™ื“ืŸ

(ืื™ืŸ ืึธื ื”ื•ื™ื‘ ืคืจืฉืช ืชืจื•ืžื”)

ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื›ืœื™ื,

ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืคืกื•ืง ืึท ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช - ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืœื™ ื’ื•',

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื: ื)

ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ; ื‘)

ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืœื™,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืงื“ืžื•ืช ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืฉื›ืŸ.

ื—.

ื“ื™ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื™ื–:

ื“ืขืจ ืžืฉื›ืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช'ื“ื™ืงืข ื–ืึทื›ืŸ: ื–ื”ื‘ ื•ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื ื—ื•ืฉืช ื.

ืึท.

ื•ื•.

ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜,

ืึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ืžืฉื›ืŸ ื•ืžืงื“ืฉ ืคืึทืจ ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืŸ ื™ืชื‘ืจืš.

ืคืจืขื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืฉืืœื”,

ื•ื•ื™ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ืึท ืžืงื“ืฉ?

ืื™ืŸ ืคืœื•ื’,

ืึท ืžืงื“ืฉ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ,

ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ืึทื•ื•ื ืขืŸ,

ื.

ืึท.

ื•ื• ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ืžืงื“ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช?

ื ืึธืš ืžืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ืึทื ื“ื™ืง ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืก'ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜,

ืึทื– ื“ื™ ื”ืฉืจืืช ืืœืงื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช,

โ€ ืึทืคื™ืœื• ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืชโ€ ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื.

ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื ืื™ื– ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืึท ื”ืืจื” - ืึทืŸ ืึธืคืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’-ื˜ืœืขื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ - ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื”ืžืฉื›ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช - ื’-ื˜ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ื•ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.

ื˜.

ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื”ืฉืจืืช ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื›ื "ืœ,

ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงื“ืฉื™ ืงื“ืฉื™ื,

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื“ืจื™ืงื˜ ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ืœืขื™ื ื™ ื‘ืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืŸ ืงื“ืฉื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื”ืืจื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืžื“ื”,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืจ ืžืฆื“ ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช.

ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื™ื“ื•ืข,

ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืืœืงื•ืช ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืึธื ื’ืขื˜ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื‘ืข,

ืื™ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช'ื“ื™ืงืข ื–ืึทื›ืŸ,

ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืืœืงื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืžื”ื•ื”,

ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืืœืงื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ืช.

ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ื”ืขื›ืขืจ - ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืžื ืข ื”ื ืžื ืขื•ืช

(ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืขื ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื›ืžื” ืžื—ื•ืงืจื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ืขื–ืึธื’ื˜,

ื™ืฉ ืœื ืžื ืขื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข ืงื™ื™ื,

ื‘ื—ืง ื”ื‘ื•ืจื.

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืืžืช,

ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ื‘ืคืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงื‘ืœื” ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช,

ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื ืžื ืข ื”ื ืžื ืขื•ืช 6 ),

ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืงื“ืฉื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™,

ืžืงื•ื ื’ื•ืคื ืœืžืขืœื” ืžื”ืžืงื•ื,

ื ืžื ืข ื”ื ืžื ืขื•ืช.

ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืข ืชืคื™ืœื•ืช ื’ื™ื™ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืŸ ืงื“ืฉื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื,

ื•ื–ื” ืฉืขืจ ื”ืฉืžื™ื.

ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ืึธืš ื•ื”ืชืคืœืœื• ืืœื™ืš ื“ืจืš ืืจืฆื - ืึทืœืข ืื™ื“ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื“ืึทื•ื•ื ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ,

ืื™ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื“ืึทื•ื•ื ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ,

ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฆื•ื ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืงื“ืฉื™ ื”ืงื“ืฉื™ื.

ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื,

ื•ื•ืึธืจื•ื ื“ื™ ืชืคืœื•ืช ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉื ืก ื‘ืึทื“ืขืจืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ,

ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉื ืก ื‘ืึทื“ืขืจืคืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืš ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช'ื“ื™ืงืข ื–ืึทื›ืŸ,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืœืžืขืœื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืก ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกืช ืžืงื•ื ื ื™ื˜,

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืงื“ืฉื™ ืงื“ืฉื™ื,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึธืจื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช,

ืื™ื– ืžืฆื“ ื ืžื ืข ื”ื ืžื ืขื•ืช ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื˜ื” ืžื˜ื” ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขืœื” ืžืขืœื”.

ื™.

ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ื“ื™ ืงื•ืฉื™ื,

ื•ื•ื™ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช'ื“ื™ืงืข ื–ืึทื›ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืงื“ื•ืฉื”,

ื ืึธืš ื”ืขื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงื“ื•ืฉื” ืคื•ืŸ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื™ื?

- ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉืœืžื” ื”ืžืœืš ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜: ื”ืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืฉืžื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœื›ืœื•ืš ื•ืืฃ ื›ื™ ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื” 7 .

ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืฉืžื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื’ืึธืจ ื”ื•ื™ื›ืข ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื•ืช

(ื“ื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช),

ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืขืกื˜ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœื™ื ืฆื• ืขืฆืžื•ืช,

ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืงืขืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืช,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช'ื“ื™ืงืข ื–ืึทื›ืŸ.

ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื›ืœื™ ืฆื• ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื? 8 .

ื™ื.

ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคืกื•ืง ื“ื™ ื”ืงื“ืžื”: ื)

ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื‘)

ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืœื™ ืชืจื•ืžื”.

ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคืกื•ืง ื•ื™ืงื—ื• ืœื™ ืชืจื•ืžื”,

ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืžื“ื™ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื ื”ื–ื•ื”ืจ 9

: ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืชืจื•ืžื”,

ืขืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืš ื’ืขื“ืึทืจืคื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ "ื•ืชืจื•ืžื”"

(ื‘ื•ื"ื•)?

ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜ ืขืจ: ื“ื›ื•ืœื ื—ื“,

ื“.

ื”.

ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืึทืœืข ื“ืจื™ื™ืฆืŸ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืคืฆืŸ ื–ืึทื›ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ืึธ ืื•ื™ืก,

ื”ื’ื ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื,

ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื "ืœื™",

ื•ื•ืึธืจื•ื ื”ืชื”ื•ื•ืช ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช 10 ,

ืžืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื”ืขืœื,

ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืึท ืžืงื“ืฉ,

ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื’ืœื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื”ื”ืขืœื ืืœ ื”ื’ื™ืœื•ื™

(ืคื•ืŸ ืคืึทืจื‘ืึธืจื’ื ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทื ื˜ืคืœืขืงื•ื ).

ื ืึธืš ืึท ื–ืึทืš ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ - ื“ื‘ืจ ืืœ ื‘ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

ื•ื•ืึธืจื•ื ื”ื’ื ืึทื– ืขืก ืื™ื– ื˜ืึทืงืข ื›ื•ืœื ื—ื“,

ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื’ืœื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ,

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืึธืก ื’ื•ืคื - ืžื’ืœื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื™ื - ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืึธืจ ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื“ื•ืงื,

ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื– ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืึธืคื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ,

ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืึธืœืŸ ืื™ื ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ.

- ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืื•ืกื˜ืŸ ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ืชืงื ื” 11 ,

ืึทื– ื“ืขืจืคืึทืจ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฉื›ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืื•ื™ืš ืฆื• ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื“ื‘ื™"ืข,

ื–ืจืข ื‘ื”ืžื”,

ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ: ื)

ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื“ืึธืก ืžืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื’ืœื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ.

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืชืงื ื”,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื ื™ืŸ

(ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ)

ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ื”ื”ืขืœื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื•ืœื ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื•ืช

(ืึทื ื˜ืคืœืขืงืŸ ืึท ื–ืึทืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืจื™ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื”ื•ื™ืœืŸ,

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื˜ืึธืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื™ืข ื–ืึทืš).

ื‘)

ื“ื™ ื”ืžืฉื›ืช ื”ื“ืขืช ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจืš ืžืฉื”'ืŸ ื“ื•ืงื,

ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืžืฉื” ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื™ื ืžืฉื™ืชื™ื”ื•.

ืื•ืŸ ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึทืœืข ื ืฉืžื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื•ืจืฉ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืช,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืขืŸ ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืขืก ืžืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืžื’ืœื” ื–ื™ื™ืŸ,

ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจืงืœืขืจื˜,

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืžื•ื– ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึทื–ืึท ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžื“ืจื™ื’ื” ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™.

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขื ื™ืŸ: ื‘ื›ื“ื™ ืฆื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ื ืฆื• ืขืฆืžื•ืช ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉืจืฉื ื–ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ "ืœื™",

ื“ืขืจ ื’ื™ืœื•ื™ ืื™ื– ื“ื•ืจืš ื ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื™ื– ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœื•ื™.

ื™ื‘.

ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืคืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืึทืจื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืชืงืฉื” ืžืฉื” ื‘ืžื ื•ืจื” ื“ื•ืงื: ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืœื“,

ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืขื ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ืง ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ืขื ื—ื•ืฉืš ืื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืื•ืคืŸ ืึทื– ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ืื™ ืขื•ืœื ืฉื”ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืฉื•ืจื” ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ 12

(ืึทืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ืคืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึทื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื“ืŸ).

ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ืžืฉื”'ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื– ืฉื•ื•ืขืจ: ื•ื•ื™ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืขืก ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืึธืœื“,

ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช?

ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜: ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืงืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื˜ืึทืงืข ื ื™ื˜ ืžืึทื›ืŸ.

ื“ืึธืก ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ.

ื ืึธืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืคืึธื“ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืื™ื–,

ืขืจ ื–ืึทืœ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึธืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ,

ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ืึทืจืคื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึธืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ,

ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืžื ื•ืจื” ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืึธืœ ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืžืฉื›ืŸ.

ื™ื’.

ืžืขืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืึธืœ,

ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื—ืจื•ื‘ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืึธืœืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื›ื•'.

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ื ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืŸ - ื“ืขืจ ื•ืฉื›ื ืชื™ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื - ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืžืึธืœ ื’ืึทื ืฅ,

ืื™ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืฆื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืึทืœืข ืื•ืžืฉื˜ืขื ื“ืŸ.

ื‘ืฉืขืช ืึท ืื™ื“ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื–ืึทื›ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ืคืึทืจืžืึธื’ื˜ ืึท ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืฆื•ื ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืŸ,

ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ,

ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืึธืœื“,

โ€ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžื•ื‘ื—ืจ ืฉื‘ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช

(ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืขืกื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœื˜ืกื˜ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืคืึทืจืึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช)

- ืึท ืžื ื•ืจื”.

ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื™ื: ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทื ื•ื’ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืขืจื ืขืŸ,

ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืึทื•ื•ื ืขืŸ,

ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืžืฆื•ืช,

ืื™ืš ืคืึทืจืœืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืจ ืึทื– ืื•ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜,

ื–ืึทืœืกื˜ื• ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ ืคืึทืจ ืžื™ืจ.

ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ื• ื“ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜ ืงืขื ืขืŸ - ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ - ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื˜ืึธืŸ.

ื ืึธืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ืคืึธื“ืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ืจ,

ืื™ืจ ื–ืึทึธืœืกื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึธืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืึทืจืฆืŸ,

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ื ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืง ื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืึท ืคืœืึทื ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ืฆื•ื ืื•ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืŸ,

ืื™ื– ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื• ื•ื•ืขืกื˜ ืึทืจื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืึทืจืคืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืึธืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ื“ืขืžืึธืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ,

ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžืขืจ,

ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ืึธืš ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขื“ื•ืช ืึทื– ื“ื™ ืฉื›ื™ื ื” ืจื•ื˜ ื‘ื™ ื“ื™ืจ.

(ืžืฉื™ื—ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”,

ืชืฉื˜"ื–)

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